Progressives of all stripes, taking their cue from Jean Jacques Rousseau, held that human beings were basically good, but that society was corrupt therefore by changing the social conditions, people's natural goodness would shine through. His greatest concern appears to have been the loss of spiritual values, especially by the rationalists of his day. He is sometimes said to be a founder of existentialism, most notably in Notes from Underground, which has been described by critic Walter Kaufmann as "the best overture for existentialism ever written." Ironically, it was not a worldview which Dostoevsky personally endorsed.Īfter his arrest and exile to Siberia, his work took a dramatic shift. Many of his best-known works are prophetic as precursors of modern-day thought and preoccupations. Often featuring characters with disparate and extreme states of the mind, his works exhibit both an uncanny grasp of human psychology as well as penetrating analyses of the political, social, and spiritual state of Russia during his time. His works had a profound and lasting impact on twentieth-century thought and fiction. Knut Hamsun, Richard Brautigan, Charles Bukowski, Albert Camus, Orhan Pamuk, Sigmund Freud, Witold Gombrowicz, Franz Kafka, Jack Kerouac, James Joyce, Czesław Miłosz, Yukio Mishima, Alberto Moravia, Iris Murdoch, Friedrich Nietzsche, Marcel Proust, Ayn Rand, Jean-Paul Sartre, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Wisława Szymborska, Irvine Welsh, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Cormac McCarthy, Ken Keseyįyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky ( Фёдор Миха́йлович Достое́вский, sometimes transliterated Dostoyevsky listen ▶) (November 11, 1821, – February 9, 1881) was a nineteenth century Russian novelist considered by many critics to be among the greatest writers of his or any age. Philosophers: Mikhail Bakunin, Vissarion Belinsky, Nikolai Chernyshevsky, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Aleksandr Herzen, Konstantin Leontyev, Sergei Nechaev, Mikhail Petrashevsky, Vladimir Solovyov, Tikhon of Zadonsk
Hoffmann, Mikhail Lermontov, Adam Mickiewicz, Alexander Pushkin, In short, as a commentator on spiritual stagnation, Dostoevsky has no equal.Writers: Miguel de Cervantes, Charles Dickens, Edgar Allan Poe, Friedrich Schiller, Honoré de Balzac, Nikolai Gogol, Victor Hugo, E.T.A. In A Gentle Spirit, the narrator describes his dawning recognition that he is responsible for his wife's suicide. In Bobok, one Ivan Ivanovitch listens in on corpses gossiping in a cemetery and ends up deploring their depravity. A Christmas Tree and a Wedding recounts the successful pursuit of a young girl by a lecherous old man.
In Notes from Underground, the Underground Man casually dismantles utilitarianism and celebrates in its stead a perverse but vibrant masochism. Many of these stories, like his great novels, reveal his special sympathy for the solitary and dispossessed, explore the same complex psychological issues and subtly combine rich characterization and philosophical meditations on the (often) dark areas of the human psyche, all conveyed in an idiosyncratic blend of deadly seriousness and wild humour. Notes from Underground and Other Stories is a comprehensive collection of Dostoevsky's short fiction. With an Introduction and Notes by David Rampton, Department of English, University of Ottowa.
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